Procedure for the improvement of textiles



Patented June 20,1939

UNITED STATES PROCEDURE FOR THEJIVIPROVEMENT OF TEXTILES Kurt Stickdorn m Richard -Hueter, Dessau-Rosslau, Anhalt, Germany, assignors to Deutsche Hydrierwerke Aktiengesellschaft,

Berlin-Charlottenburg, Germany, a corporation of Germany No Drawing. Application February 15, 1936, Se-

rial No. 64,177. 1935 a 8 Claims.

To facilitate the subsequent working of textiles, either of natural or artificial origin, and particularly of warp-yarns and the like, one usually provides them with sizing masses in order to unite the fibres in homogeneous cords resistant to mechanical strains. We know too that besides starch-glue-like and similar agglutinants also oil-like sizes and dressing agents are used and preferably those which contain drying oils so 10 that at the open air they resinify into solid products. However, the use of natural resins could hitherto be realized but in exceptional cases because, when washed out, they leave on the fibre certain resinous residues which for refining processes such as dyeing and the like are of unfavour-' able consequences particularly perceptible by a disagreeable feel of the fibre material.

Now it has been found that alcohols derived from natural resins or resinic acids such as copals, dammar resin, abietic acid, colophony, talloil-resin acids, etc., and easily obtainable from said stufis by reducing-processes, e. g. by a catalytic high-pressure reduction, are of a different efiect. Owing to a certain gluing-power they are able of joining the single fibres to form compact cords but without imparting to the same a sticking power by which they would conglutinate.

Furthermore the resinic alcohols, compared with resinic acids, are quite easily emulsifiable so that their quantitative removal from the fibre will be possible without ado, e. g. by means of aqueous soap-solutions. This peculiarity is not confined merely to the resinic alcohols but also to their derivates, such as esters and ethers and particularly to the corresponding glycoland glycerin ethers. All these products may be applied in the form either of solutions in organic solvents or in the form of aqueous emulsions. As to the emulsifying one avails oneself of soaps, synthetic soap substitutes, capillary active preparations and sulfonates of resin-' or fat-products, fatty acid condensation products, substituted naphthalene-sulfonic acids and the like. Moreover by 5 sulfonating or by a partial converting the resinic alcohols into water-soluble compounds the said products may be preliminarily treated for the sizing and impregnating. But the application is not confined to these products in their pure 50 form; to reduce their sticking power they may also be stirred into starch-paste, size-solution or similar aqueous preparations, eventually together with fator wax-products.

The resin-alcohol sizes ofier considerablead- 55 vantages in comparison with other products.

In Germany February 16,

The resinic alcohols are absolutely fast to light and only small amounts of resinic alcohol need .be worked into the cords in orderto get them closed and well-joined. Distinguishing itself from other sizing methods the resinic alcohol 5 size shows never any overageing-symptom, i. e. it does not become insoluble, nor causes any difficulties at the desizing process, etc. 'Its removal from the fibre by means of soap-baths and the lik is quite easily and smoothly performed.

The use of the resinic alcohols is not confined to the sizing process proper. In dressing masses they enhance the adhesive power of the weighting-agents .on the fibre. In first line their addition proves advantageous with highly dressed fabrics. They further'are very usefully applied with the purpose to render the tissues "fast to shifting. Owing to the smoothness of the artificial silk-thread it happens very easily that with fabrics made of those fibres the warp-thread shifts on the woof-thread, especially with loosely woven fabrics, in which case the design of the fabric appears distorted and bad-looking. Attempts were made to prevent this phenomenon by impregnating the threadsprior to weavingwith a highly diluted colophony-emulsion. However, if the textile be bucked for some time in the treatment bath, it'comesto most disturbing separations in consequence of the colophony being of an acid character and considerably soiled by foreign bodies; such separations will then cancel the effect one wishes to attain. Now, in using an absolutely neutral and technically pure resinic alcohol in emulsified form or eventually combined with softening agents such as fats, oils and waxes, it is possible entirely to prevent the said disturbances. After such a treatment the binding of the tissue does not change and at the same time the feel will be improved.

Example 1 By the'treatment of corded artificial silk in the ordinary way with a 23% solution of resinic alcohol (acetyl-s'aponification number 168, boiling point 190-230 C. at 3 mm. Hg-pressure) obtained by the reduction of colophony, in trichlorethylene, one gets an excellently sized material which allows of being easily desized. by means of soap solutions.

Instead of the free resinic alcohol one may likewise apply its butylor mono-glycerine-ether or its lauric acid ester respectively.

Example 2 For the sizing of cotton warp-yarn one em- 55 ploys most advantageously an emulsion produced by stirring 50 weight parts of resinic alcohol, ob-

tainable by catalytic high pressure-reduction of Example 3 To "render an artificial silk fabric fast to shifting, one passes the material for a rather long time through an aqueous, cold to lukewarm treatment bath, in which resinic alcohols of the described form or a mixture of fatty alcohols and resinic alcohols had previously been emulsified with soap or sulfuric acid esters of the fatty alcohols. The bath should contain about 1 g.

of resinic alcohol or resinic alcohol mixture per litre. After the treatment the artificial silk fabric is squeezed oil and dried.

As it will be understood, in this specification textile material may signify fibres, threads, filaments, yarns, cords, skeins, tissues and fabrics of all usual kinds.

The language non-drying liquid carrier is used in theclaims to define either the non-drying organic solvent or water in which the material is dispersedv by emulsion and to distinguish over drying oils and the like used as carriers for varnishes and some other materials.

We claim:

1., The method of preparing textile material for subsequent working which comprises sizing the same with estersand ethers of alcohols obtainable by the reduction of natural resin materials of the group consisting of copal, dammar resin, colophony, abietic acid, and talloil-resin acid.

2. The method of preparing textile material for subsequent working which comprises sizing the same with derivatives of alcohols of the group consisting of glycol ethers and glycerol ethers of alcohols obtainable by the reduction of natural resin materials of the group consisting of copal, dammar resin, colophony, abietic acid, and talloil-resin acid.

3. The method of preparing textile material for subsequent working which comprises sizing the same with a solution of a sulfate of alcohol obtainable by the reduction of natural resin materials of the group consisting of copal, dammar resin, colophony, abietic acid and talloil-resin acid.

4. The method of preparing textile material for subsequent working which comprises sizing the same with a sizeconsisting principally of material of the group consisting of alcohols obtainable by the reduction of natural resin ma terials of the group consisting of copal, dammar resin, colophony, abietic acid and talloil-resin acid and the esters and ethers of said alcohols together with a non-drying organic solvent, said size being easily removable upon washing in aqueous soap solution.

5. The method of preparing textile material for subsequent working which comprises sizing the same with a size characterized by being easily removable upon washing in aqueous soap solution and consisting principally of material of the group consisting of alcohols obtainable by the reduction of natural resin materials of the group consisting of copal'; dammar resin, colophony, abietic acid and talloil-resin acid and the esters and ethers of said alcohols and a non-drying organic solvent together with products to reduce sticking of the group consisting of starch paste, size solutions, fats and waxes.

6. The method of preparing warp yarn for subsequent working which comprises sizing the same with a size consisting of material of the group consisting of alcohols obtainable by the reduction of natural resin materials of the group consisting of copal, dammar resin, colophony, abietic acid and talloil-resin acid and the esters and ethers of said alcohols together with a non-drying organic solvent, said size being easily removable upon washing in aqueous soap solution.

7. The method of working textile material -which comprises preparing yarn by sizing the same with a size containing alcohol obtainable by reduction of material of the group consisting of copal, dammar resin, colophony, abietic 'acid and talloil-resin acid and the esters and ethers of said alcohols, weaving the yarn into cloth and washing out said size.

8. The method of preparing textile material for subsequent working which comprises sizing the same with a size consisting principally of material of the group consisting of alcohols obtainable by the reduction of natural resin materials of the group consisting of copal, dammar resin, colophony, abietic acid and talloil-resin acid and the esters and ethers of said alcohols together with a non-drying liquid carrier, said size being easily removable upon washing in aqueous soap solu tion.

KURT S'IICKDORN. RICHARD HUE'I'ER. 

